The PHQ-9 item on suicidality is predictive of suicide attempt or death

Cumulative risk of suicide attempt over one year increased from .4% among outpatients reporting thoughts of death or self-harm “not at all” to 4% among those reporting thoughts of death or self-harm “nearly every day.”

So almost a 10-fold increase, but still low absolute risk estimates.

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References §

• Does Response on the PHQ-9 Depression Questionnaire Predict Subsequent Suicide Attempt or Suicide Death?