Disorders of compulsivity: A common bias towards learning habits
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- Bibtex: @voon2014
- Bibliography: Voon, V., Derbyshire, K., Rück, C., Irvine, M. A., Worbe, Y., Enander, J., … Bullmore, E. T. (2015). Disorders of compulsivity: a common bias towards learning habits. Molecular Psychiatry, 20(3), 345–352. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2014.44
Why and when I was reading this
I was doing a deep dive into the role of Habits in OCD
Key takeaways
- Goal-directed versus habitual decision making
- Disorders involving an over-emphasis on Habits to create repetitive behaviors: binge eating disorder, addiction, and OCD
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Summary
- Shift from goal-directed behaviour to habit formation early in learning a new problem.
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Paperpile notes
Page 1: Highlight annotation by Oskar Flygare on June 21st 2018, 11:08:43 am: Why do we repeat choices that we know are bad for us? Decision making is characterized by the parallel engagement of two distinct systems, goal-directed and habitual
Page 1: Highlight annotation by Oskar Flygare on June 21st 2018, 11:09:06 am: The habitual system is a candidate source of pathological fi xedness. Using a decision task that measures the contribution to learning of either mechanism, we show a bias towards model-free (habit) acquisition in disorders involving both natural (binge eating) and artifi cial (methamphetamine) rewards, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This favoring of model-free learning may underlie the repetitive behaviors that ultimately dominate in these disorders. Further, we show that the habit formation bias is associated with lower gray matter volumes in caudate and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Our fi ndings suggest that the dysfunction in a common neurocomputational mechanism may underlie diverse disorders involving compulsion.
Page 4: Highlight annotation by Oskar Flygare on June 21st 2018, 11:11:36 am: This relationship suggests a possible role for top-down volitional control in decreasing habit formation.
Page 4: Highlight annotation by Oskar Flygare on June 21st 2018, 11:11:51 am: Our results also implicate defi ned neural substrates in these effects. We show that in HVs, lower gray matter volumes in the caudate, medial OFC and lateral prefrontal cortices were asso- ciated with a greater shift towards model-free habit formation
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